Feb 10, · That effect, called the placebo effect, has been proven powerful and inherent in clinical work. Furthermore, the patient-practitioner relationship is an equally essential part of the psychosocial aspect of treatment. Within that context, the practitioner communicates information on recovery and wellness through words, gestures and behavior Info: words (9 pages) Nursing Essay. Published: 11th Feb Reference this. The ‘placebo effect’ may be described as a phenomenon where the symptom of a patient may be modified by ineffective treatment. Essentially the patient has been seen to receive some form of treatment that he or she believes will work The placebo effect is described as the phenomenon when a patient’s symptoms are alleviated by an ineffective treatment, because the individual believes that the medication will work. This is an interesting aspect of human psychology because it displays the power of the human blogger.comted Reading Time: 5 mins
Placebo Effect - blogger.com
Feda Aziz Amy Blitchok ENG April 30, Placebo over Mind For years, scientists and researchers have sought to find an explanation for the placebo effect. Everyday functions such as breathing and walking relies heavily on the most important part of our organ: the mind.
However, through the use of placebos, it is becoming clear that the mind may have an even greater influence on our daily lives, influencing our perception of well- being.
Research conducted by physicians and scientists on placebos revealed that patients who receives treatment for asthma, irritable bowel syndromes, knee surgery and much more showed improvements and are symptom free which in turn demonstrated how mind is more powerful than the body. The Placebo effect is when the administration of some entirely harmless or inactive drug or pill seems to make people better. It can also reduce the experience of pain by blocking pain signals in the spinal cord from arriving at the brain in the first place.
When patients expect a treatment to be effective, the brain area responsible for pain control is activated, causing the release of natural endorphins. The endorphins send instructions down to the spinal cord to suppress incoming pain signals and patients feel better whether or not the treatment had any direct effect.
Hire a subject expert to help you with Placebo Effect. This article explained how the mind and placebo work together in sending messages from the brain to the area of pain. Other problems exist in testing placebos' effectiveness. They cannot be used in studies on life-threatening or degenerative illnesses, since taking an inactive treatment rather than a real one could do patients real harm. Tests in which patients know they may be taking placebos show different results from tests in which they are given only a drug.
Patients have been shown to react less to real medicine if they know there is a fifty percent chance they are actually getting sugar pills Amaral.
Very few doctors are this open about prescribing placebos, but most of placebo effect essay do not outright lie to their patients, either. In general, doctors who prescribe placebos often say that they have something that they believe can help, but they do not know exactly how it will work, either. Supporters placebo effect essay the use of placebos point out that this is not lying; placebos are known to be beneficial in some cases.
The American Medical Association AMA policy placebo effect essay that doctors could placebo effect essay the placebo effect to their patients and receive consent to prescribe them in the course of treating any illness. The Placebo effect refers placebo effect essay the situation where patients feel better after taking a medication even if the drug is ineffective.
A study proved the effectiveness of placebo medicine in patients diagnosed with heart failure. When given the placebo to heart failure patients and they took it whole heartedly and faithfully they showed a thirty four percent decrease in death rate. The researchers are unsure about the results but some theories are; mind is as powerful as any organ in the body.
People who took their placebo faithfully, and believe it would help, may placebo effect essay have gotten real help. Also patients who have heart failure have to exercise and cut salt intake so that may have had an important role in the placebo succeeding Amaral. The placebo effect is a powerful effect that can consistently induce a perceived benefit. Once the placebo was identified as a valid medication able to create a response, such as becoming symptom free, became more widely used as a control placebo effect essay clinical trials.
As a result, the placebo effect has been extensively studied throughout history. In a study; four groups of asthma patients were given albuterol inhalers, placebo inhalers, sham acupuncture, or no treatment.
When the researchers tested the patients' lung function, placebo effect essay, the albuterol, a standard treatment for asthma, placebo effect essay, showed improvement, placebo effect essay, whereas the placebos had no effect.
On the contrary, placebo effect essay, half of those who used the albuterol reported feeling better. But so did nearly half of those who got the placebo inhaler or the sham acupuncture. Doctors may not fully understand the cause of it but what they do know is two inert pills can work better than one, colorful inert pills can work better than plain ones, and injections can work better than pills Bates.
The perception of the benefits was recognized due to the perceptions of the mind, and not to the ingredients that makes up the fake treatment. The placebo effect shows us that the mind heavily influences our perceptions of wellness and health. The placebo was also used during the Civil War ; nurses often ran out of medicine, in placebo effect essay to keep the soldiers moving they injected them with saltwater, and believed it was morphine.
Many scientists began wondering how the solider can feel better and become symptom free without taking the actual morphine. Thus, the scientists came to the conclusion that before simply thinking you can feel better you actually will. However, there is placebo effect essay nocebo effect in which the opposite occurs. A patient thinks he will feel bad, and he then will feel symptoms and pain. Also when a doctor proclaims that the medicine will cause symptoms or pain, placebo effect essay, the patient is more likely to feel the symptoms Cloud, placebo effect essay.
While the mind may be labeled as an organ easily fooled by placebos, whose placebo effect essay has no physical basis, it is clear that the mind may have an even greater role in behavior. Throughout the world, placebo effect essay, it is widely believed that the placebo effect simply is of random chance or it temporarily works on symptoms or diseases. To prove the skeptics wrong, a test was conducted with one hundred and eight patients that were divided in half.
Half of them received arthroscopy knee surgery, and the other half received fake knee surgery. Arthroscopy knee surgery requires only three tiny incisions through the skin and the fake surgery received a small cut on their knee. The results were placebo effect essay placebo surgery turned out to be just as effective as real surgery. Many people think it is irrational to be cured by fake medicine, but the truth is patients who were successfully healed by fake surgery were in fact healed by the power of their own minds Easton.
Placebos can no longer be thought of as a blind fold covering the eyes. These sugar pills induce the mind to create a very real and physical response that may be specific to the placebo; as a result, use of a placebo can become a very seductive treatment option for many. With the ongoing use of placebos, both as a control, placebo effect essay, and potentially as an alternative treatment, several issues emerge: Such as if the placebo is ethical or not, placebo effect essay.
Furthermore, can it be guaranteed that placebos will generate a safe, and effective, result. While these pills may seem nonthreatening by being less active than experimental drugs, placebo effect essay, the risk for harmful and unethical consequences still does exist. Sobel also clarifies that if giving positive feedback made patients feel better then why give a placebo or sugar pill at all when you can prescribe yoga or meditation, placebo effect essay.
Carefully, studies were conducted and on average, placebo effect essay, placebo effect essay you take one hundred people with certain illnesses and give them a sugar pill; about a third would be expected to improve Placebo effect essay. Some doctors believe that instead of ignoring the placebo effect, placebo effect essay, it may help to enhance it. A study was conducted in which the placebo effect worked on patients who had irritable bowel syndrome or IBS.
InHarvard 's Ted J. Kaptchuk wanted to treat IBS but in a safe way. He devised a fake remedy which contained fake acupuncture with no needles and plenty of soft talk. Kaptchuk experiment showed sixty-two percent of them actually got better and for the patients who had fake acupuncture and no soft talk saw a forty two percent improvement, placebo effect essay.
Many mainstream medicine and drug companies try to minimize conducting clinical trials, but Kaptchuk argues that instead of minimizing they should enhance it and use placebos more often because it will lower costs of medicine and produce fewer placebo effect essay effects Herper. Anesthetist, Henry Beecher, published an article on the use and effects of placebo in treatment of different diseases.
Since then, many studies have shown that situations can also trigger the human mind to generate placebo effect. Kaptchuk explains that rituals placebo effect essay treatment activate brain areas in the same way as done by drugs. The newest neurobiological theories on placebos suggest that in some situations the appearance and rituals of treatment activate brain areas similar to when one takes drugs. So, for the drug to work, you may not need the drug at all Marglin.
Freed and his associates conducted a study placebo effect essay the outcomes of forty patients, ages thirty four through seventy five, who had severe Parkinson's disease. In this study, the patients either underwent neuronal transplantation surgery or sham surgery placebo, placebo effect essay. These patients were randomly assigned to the different groups. In the patients who underwent the sham surgery, holes were drilled into their skulls, but not penetrated.
While all of the patients had hoped to receive this neuronal transplant, only half actually did. The rest had the placebo surgery Amaral. Freed found that although there was no notable effect among the older patients in either transplantation or placebo surgeries, the younger transplantation recipients showed much improvement as compared with the placebo surgery group, placebo effect essay.
No one from the placebo surgery group benefited from the procedure. Results were measured using the standardized scoring system of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale UPDRS.
Freed, further analyzed results for growth of transplants by using placebo effect essay PET scans. PET scans use nuclear medicine imaging to produce 3-dimensional color images of the functional processes within the human body.
These tests all concluded that the only group that benefited from the study was the younger transplantation group, leaving many concerned due to the lack of improvement in their condition. Half of those in the placebo group experienced additional pain, and some experienced trauma. In addition to not benefiting from the procedure, many experienced significant pain from the placebo surgery. In this case, the mind could not be induced into generating the type of physical response that is desired from this surgery, placebo effect essay.
And further, the potential for pain as placebo effect essay as harm are also clear in this example. It is clear that the ethics behind placebos, given that they are active substances that can induce very real physical responses need to be taken seriously. The mind is a complex organ that may not always respond in the way that we hope it will Amaral.
The placebo effect has shed great light on the complex functions of the mind. The mind has the remarkable ability to generate a physiological and real response to placebos. Furthermore, placebo effect essay, the mind can discern a placebo from an experimental drug, as we see through the specific activation of the prefrontal cortex by the placebo, placebo effect essay.
The mind has functions and capabilities that are larger than just thinking, breathing and walking. It not only controls our perception of our well-being, but may control the physicalitys of our well-being more extensively than was previously thought. While the placebo effect has yielded important information on the powers of the mind, we need to think more responsibly about the placebo effect essay of placebos, and the potential effects of these active stimuli on the brain.
Given that placebos placebo effect essay activate the brain, we need to re-address our notions of these pills as inactive sugar pills. What if placebos could have the potential to affect the mind in a way that is not positive? What if placebo pills, and furthermore surgeries, could be harmful to the patient? The ethics of placebos, and the role of the mind in responding to them, should not be underestimated as we move forward in our studies of how the mind works.
Our well-being depends on it. There are several recent studies suggesting that placebos themselves are beneficial. According to a paper presented to the American Psychological Association's APA th annual convention, the placebo effect accounts for fifty percent of improvements in depressed patients taking antidepressants.
Listening to Prozac but Hearing Placebo: A Meta-Analysis of Antidepressant Medication, a controversial study done on the effectiveness of using pharmaceuticals in treatment of depression, placebo effect essay. According to another study, placebo effect essay placebos are given for pain management, placebo effect essay, the course of pain relief follows that of an active drug The Placebo Prescription, comprehensive non-scientific article on the placebo effect.
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Apr 12, · This essay has stated what the placebo effect is, how it will be used to care for a patient with given evidence and the restrictions of the placebo effect. Up to now medical science has not fully explained what is the cause or causes of the placebo effect. But it seems that it is the result of the patient’s expectation of an blogger.comted Reading Time: 10 mins Placebo Effect Essay 1. What was the rationale for doing the study? Torok, an author to another study regarding Ménière's Disease, reviewed 2. Briefly, explain the design of Summary. The topic of placebo effects is a highly contentious issue; even agreement on a standard definition remains elusive. The following dissertation aims to review current debates into placebo effects, especially focusing on the discourse initiated by the meta-analyses of
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